Key points of large steel structure plant construction management, analyzed from pre-construction preparation, steel structure fabrication, and installation process, pointing out the key points and methods of steel structure plant construction management.

 

 

　　(1) Establish a project management team. It is essential to select experienced personnel with strong technical capabilities, a strong sense of responsibility, and the ability to coordinate and cooperate based on the characteristics of the project. Professional support is required, especially the selection of the supervisor, who must possess good professional qualities and service awareness. Simultaneously, give full play to the role of various functional departments of the unit and select a suitable supervisory organization form according to the project characteristics.

 

　　(2) Familiarize yourself with the drawings, specifications, and design requirements; preside over the drawing review and design briefing; understand the construction unit and prepare targeted supervision plans, supervision implementation details, management plans, etc. All management personnel must be familiar with the drawings and design concepts, master the specifications and collections, and understand the requirements of the management regulations. Understand the functional requirements and design intent of the steel structure, perform professional "design oversight", understand the project operation system and management system of the construction unit, urge them to implement their quality management system, technical management system, and safety management system, and check their certificates. Verify the job certificates of major operators, conduct a preliminary investigation of the team's quality, and propose targeted management requirements to provide a guarantee for the smooth progress of the project.

 

　　(3) Strengthen the investigation and review of subcontractor qualifications and steel structure processing and manufacturing plants. Strengthen the investigation of steel structure manufacturing plants, mainly investigating the plant's equipment capabilities, technical capabilities, process design capabilities, process flow, process inspection, testing methods and conditions, quality management system, welding process assessment, assembly conditions, etc. For units with insufficient conditions, improvements should be proposed, and rectification should be completed within a time limit. Construction units should be urged to cooperate and supervise the rectification. After rectification is completed, a qualification review report and work order should be signed. The quality assurance system and quality inspection system of the subcontractor must be reviewed, and the self-inspection equipment and usage should be checked to ensure that they meet the requirements of this project.

 

　　(4) Carefully review the construction unit's construction organization design and construction plan to determine whether it meets the special requirements of this project, especially the lifting plan. Analyze based on site conditions, provide the entry and exit and operation locations for heavy lifting equipment, site hardening, etc. Reasonableness of on-site construction layout, quality, progress, safety, safety measures during construction under special conditions, machinery, equipment, instruments, inspection tools used, etc. For those that do not meet the project requirements, urge correction within a time limit, implement the necessary supplementary technical measures, and provide process tests and evaluation opinions for the use of new technologies, new materials, and new processes. Urge the construction unit to improve and strengthen various management target controls, and ensure that responsibilities at all levels are implemented and operate effectively.

 

 

　　(1) Check the quality assurance certificates and inspection reports of various raw materials and on-site sampling retest reports. Only qualified materials are allowed for use in this project. Assign supervisors with strong technical skills, experience, and management capabilities to the fabrication site. Since the number of on-site personnel cannot be too many, high requirements are placed on their quality.

 

　　(2) The fabrication plant must have experience in the production process of this type of medium-sized steel structure; otherwise, process tests and assessments must be carried out. Analyze design requirements, adopt reliable process manufacturing samples, and proceed with mass production when feasible. Main inspections during fabrication: blanking plates, steel plate surface quality, welding process (flux must have quality assurance certificate, drying records, personnel qualification certificates, weld height, flaw detection), friction surface treatment, component size inspection, pre-assembly size gaps, paint film thickness, and coating materials, etc.

 

　　(3) On-site inspection: qualification certificates for high-strength bolts, torque coefficient, tightening axial force, retest report (torque coefficient and anti-slip test of matching friction surface), component on-site inspection (mainly checking dimensions, numbers, and deformation). During construction, components must be brought in according to each beam and column set. On-site installation quality inspection key points: mainly check the top tightening surface of the beams and columns. First, check the calibration certificate of the torque wrench (electric), and the flatness of the friction surface. Second, check the standard tightening of the high-strength bolts, requiring inspection at each node. Pay attention to the principle of symmetrical tightening and segmented tightening. Finally, check the gap of the tightening surface and require that more than 80% of the area is tightly attached. On-site anti-slip tests and weld flaw detection tests should also be conducted during the installation stage.

 

　　(4) On-site weld control key points: the design should minimize on-site welding, and if necessary, strengthen weld quality control. First, welding cannot be performed in rainy or foggy weather. Work can only begin after the weather clears and at least one hour of sunshine. If necessary, use a hot air blower to dry before welding. The welding rods should be consistent with factory welding and be from the same batch number. They should be dried before use. For thick steel plate welding, it is best to open the bevel at the factory. Level 1 welds must be performed at the factory. After welding is complete, flaw detection should be performed on each weld. Wall and roof enclosure structure control key points: first, check whether the purlins and color steel plates meet the design requirements, paying attention to the thickness and material, manufacturer, and whether the surface coating meets the requirements. Check the qualification certificates of all materials. Second, check whether the interlocking form of the roof panels meets the design requirements. Then, during installation, focus on checking the verticality, flatness, panel joint quality, edging, water-stop form, waterproofing quality, and appearance quality of the large surfaces. The surface color should be based on the determined sample. Other auxiliary materials should control the manufacturers and technical parameters according to the contract and design requirements.

 

　　(5) Control of fire-retardant coatings and anti-corrosion coatings: The focus is on controlling the source of materials, inspection reports, and on-site sampling tests for adhesive strength. At the same time, supervise the thickness and number of coats of the coating. The fire resistance limit is the main data that ensures the use function. On-site, the thickness of various components should be checked separately, and the acceptance of the fire department should be coordinated.

 

　　(6) Coordination of the construction process: Steel structures, enclosing structures, and civil structures are often completed by different units, and sometimes there is no contractual relationship between them. This requires the supervision (management) unit to carry out a large amount of coordination and schedule arrangement with the owner, which will lead to many contradictions, especially in terms of schedule coordination, site coordination, material storage, and finished product protection. If these are not handled well, they will affect the schedule, quality, and unnecessary increase in costs, and may even cause safety accidents. Therefore, we should provide assistance and coordination from multiple aspects such as contracts, management, organization, and information. It is suggested that the owner designate a general contractor to unify on-site coordination. Good planning and contract management by the owner and management is the ideal model.

 

　　(7) Strengthen safety supervision and management, implement the safety responsibility system, and ensure the effective operation of the safety management system to control safety risks.

 

 

　　After the project is completed, urge each construction unit to improve technical documents, organize them into categories, and prepare for acceptance. The supervisors should organize various responsible entities to conduct project pre-acceptance. Supervisors should conduct document acceptance checks, acceptance report checks, quality assessment report checks, supervision work summary preparation, and inspection and handover of construction technology, management, and quality assurance documents. Assist the owner in project completion acceptance and document preparation.